Analysis of Spatial Gaps in the Distribution of Banking Services Using Geographic Information Systems (A Case Study of Misrata Municipality(

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the spatial distribution of banks and ATMs in the Misrata Municipality using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, and to assess the adequacy and reach of these services in terms of geographic coverage and equitable distribution. Through the collection and analysis of field data using spatial analysis tools, clear spatial gaps in banking service provision were identified—particularly in peripheral neighborhoods and municipal districts. Several analytical methods were employed, most notably Standard Distance, Directional Distribution, Buffer analysis, and Nearest Neighbor analysis, In this study, the researcher employs a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the current distribution of banking services, alongside a quantitative spatial approach utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze distribution patterns, identify spatial gaps, and pinpoint underserved areas. The study yielded several key findings, most notably that the current distribution lacks equity; approximately 60% of the municipality's population resides outside the optimal service coverage area. Furthermore, the analysis revealed significant overlap in bank service zones—particularly in the city center and the northern part of the municipality—indicating a poor distribution characterized by the clustering of banks within a limited area relative to the municipality's overall size. Some municipal branches were equipped with ATM services while others were deprived of them due to uneven distribution; furthermore, the branches that received this service were distinguished by their size and population density compared to others, necessitating the concentration of the service within them.